July 2020 Sports Medicine Journal Roundup
The American Journal of Sports Medicine (July 2020)
The combination treatment of raloxifene and vitamin D prevented a decrease in local bone mineral density of greater tuberosity of the proximal humerus and enhanced tendon-to-bone healing of the rotator cuff in a rat model.
Acute surgical repair of complete, nonavulsion proximal semimembranosus injuries is associated with high patient satisfaction, increased muscle strength, improved functional outcome scores, and high return to preinjury level of sporting activity with low risk of recurrence at short-term follow-up.
Patients with known lumbar spine disease who underwent hip arthroscopy had a significantly greater percentage improvement at 24-month follow-up compared with those without a history of lumbar spine disease, and outcomes were ultimately not significantly different.
No increased risk of reoperation was noted in patients with concomitant lumbar spine disease.
Graft choice does not influence clinical and functional outcomes 2 years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
However, 3 factors—graft type, age group, and activity level—have a significant value in predicting the need for revision surgery.
Patients treated with hamstring tendon autografts have a significantly higher, activity-dependent risk of revision surgery and experience more ipsilateral graft ruptures than subsequent contralateral ACL injuries when compared with patients treated with quadriceps tendon autografts.
Young age and high activity level are significant predictors for ACL revision surgery.
The application of PRP in nonsurgically treated acute Achilles tendon rupture did not appear to show any superior clinical and functional improvement.
Lower extremity injuries affect a high number of NFL players, and the incidence did not decrease over the 4 seasons studied.
Prevention and rehabilitation protocols for these injuries should continue to be prioritized.
British Journal of Sports Medicine (July 54-13, July 54-14)
In elementary and preschool settings, when physically active lessons were added into the curriculum they had a positive impact on both physical activity and educational outcomes.
These findings support policy initiatives encouraging the incorporation of physically active lessons into teaching in elementary and preschool settings.
Mouthguard use was associated with lower odds of concussion.
Players should be required to wear mouthguards in youth ice hockey.
Exercise alone and exercise combined with education can prevent episodes of LBP and LBP-related absenteeism.
A morning bout of moderate-intensity exercise improves serum brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF) and working memory or executive function in older adults, depending on whether or not subsequent sitting is also interrupted with intermittent light-intensity walking.
Sports Medicine (July 2020)
High volume power training (HVPT) can be used to improve a number of physical qualities including repeat power ability (RPA) and repeated high-intensity efforts (RHIEs); while a variety of RPA assessments provide valid and reliable information regarding the athlete’s ability to perform RHIEs.
Considering the heterogeneity in the HVPT protocols currently used and the relatively low volume and quality of longitudinal publications in this area, further studies are needed to identify the effects of a variety of HVPT methods on RPA, RHIE and other performance outcomes and to identify the most valid and reliable RPA outcomes to use in such studies.
Overall, sodium bicarbonate supplementation acutely improves muscular endurance of small and large muscle groups, but no significant ergogenic effect on muscular strength was found.
Findings suggest that repetitive head impacts (RHI) during early adolescence is unrelated to brain health as measured by these specific outcome measures in collegiate student athletes.
One year after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R), muscle strength is affected by autograft type, with semitendinosus-gracilis autograft (StG) leading to impairments of knee extensor (KE) and flexor (KF) muscle strength, while quadriceps tendon autograft (QTB) results in more pronounced impairments of KE only.
Functional capacity and patient-reported outcome were unaffected by autograft type, with the former showing impairment compared to healthy controls.
Sports Health Journal (July/August 2020)
Professionals working closely with athletes are uniquely positioned to identify and screen those who may require further evaluation and treatment.
Preoperative isometric hip extension and abduction strength are correlated with 6-month postoperative patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores.
Furthermore, hip extension strength is a predictor of achieving clinically meaningful outcomes.
