May 2020 Sports Medicine Journal Roundup
The American Journal of Sports Medicine (May 2020)
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Bioactive PRF could effectively augment healing of tendon graft to bone
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Arthroscopic treatment for FAIS in elite athletes results in a statistically significant and clinically relevant improvement regarding symptoms, hip function, quality of life, and pain 5 years after surgery.
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Approximately half of the cohort was still in competitive sports at follow-up, yet 77% had decreased their level of sports.
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Nine of 10 patients were satisfied with their surgery.
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Tenotomy and tenodesis as treatment for lesions of the long head of biceps tendon both result in good subjective outcomes but there is a higher rate of Popeye deformity in the tenotomy group.
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Despite limiting the analysis to only high-quality studies and controlling for time at risk and potential clustering effects, the study showed that ACL injury prevention programs had a significant protective effect and reduced injury rates by 53%.
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However, significant variability in the specific exercises and the manner of program delivery suggests that ACL injury prevention programs may be able to be designed within an overarching best-practice framework.
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This may allow practitioners the flexibility to develop IPPs that meet the specific characteristics of the target population and potentially increase the likelihood that these programs will be widely adopted and implemented.
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Our data showed that use of a sciatic nerve block with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in patients with hamstring and bone-patellar-bone grafts influences persistent knee flexor strength deficits at time of return to sports.
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Although the cause of postoperative muscular weakness is multifactorial, this study adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that perioperative nerve blocks affect muscle strength and functional rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
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This systematic review demonstrated a potential relationship between an athlete’s pre existing psychological factors and the incidence and severity of sports related concussion.
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New meniscal tears occurred in 0%–52% of patients between 4 months and 20 years (mean 4.9±4.4 years) following treatment for ACL injury.
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The certainty of evidence was too low to guide surgical treatment decisions.
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This review cannot conclude that the incidence of new meniscal tears is lower if ACL injury is treated with surgery compared with treatment with rehabilitation only.
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When multi-ingredient protein supplements were combined with resistance exercise training, there were greater gains in fat-free mass and strength in healthy adults than in counterparts who were supplemented with non multi-ingredient protein.
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Multi-ingredient protein supplements were not superior when directly compared with protein only supplements. The magnitude of effect of multi-ingredient protein supplements was greater (in absolute values) in untrained and elderly individuals undertaking RT than it was in trained individuals and in younger people.
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We report a 23% lower relative risk of any type of colorectal neoplasia and a 27% lower risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia in people with the highest level of PA compared with those in the lowest.
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In a 109 km community-based mass-participation cycling event, medical encounters (moderate to severe) occurred in about 1 in 200 cyclists.
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Injury-related (1/300 cyclists) encounters were higher than illness-related medical encounters (1 in about 500).
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Serious life-threatening medical encounters occurred in 1/2000 cyclists.
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These data allow race organisers to anticipate the medical services required and the approximate extent of demand.
Sports Medicine (May 2020)
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This document also outlines the recommended education and training of medical providers and discusses other medical and logistical considerations related to the provision of medical support at ultramarathons.
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The majority of physical performance parameters were not influenced by Ramadan fasting when tested either in the morning or in the afternoon.
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Athletes appear able to participate in competition in a fasted state with little impact on physical performance.
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Sleep and nutrition opportunities should be optimized to minimize likelihood of accumulating fatigue.
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On average, 8 KIA injections were given to the ex-footballers during their professional career.
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The most commonly administered injections were cortisone based.
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These injections associated with knee pain, total knee replacement after they retired. The associations are independent of knee injuries and are dose dependent.
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The study suggests that there may have been excessive use of KIA injections to expedite return to play and this contributed to detrimental long-term outcomes such as KP and TKR post-retirement from professional football.
Sports Health Journal (May/June 2020)
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Opioids are being overprescribed for arthroscopic procedures of the shoulder, knee, and hip, with more than one-third of prescribed opioids remaining postoperatively.
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The majority of patients are unaware of the appropriate disposal techniques for surplus opioids.
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Appropriate risk stratification tools and evidence-based recommendations regarding pain management strategies after arthroscopic procedures are needed to help curb the growing opioid crisis.
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The incidence of death associated with sickle cell trait in DI football athletes has decreased significantly since legislation was enacted.
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Cases of death associated with sickle cell trait outside of football are rare.
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It is unclear whether the decrease is related to screening for sickle cell trait, education, or both.
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It appears that isometric resistance training reduces SBP, DBP, and MAP in normotensive young adults in a statistically significant and clinically relevant manner. This type of exercise could be considered effective in preventing arterial hypertension
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In this study, intended to construct an intervention for people with chronic LBP, the primary aims were to help individuals “make sense of their pain,” develop effective pain control strategies via body relaxation and extinction of safety behaviors, and adopt healthy lifestyle behaviors to affect cognitive factors known to affect pain sensitivity and disability.
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These primary aims were achieved through an emphasis on factors such as development of positive beliefs, reduced fear, increased awareness, enhanced understanding and control of pain, adaptive coping, enhanced self-efficacy, confidence, and improved mood through the class-based intervention.
